Agua Latino America

Water Conditioning and Purification Magazine

Cosecha de Aguas Pluviales y Recolección de Aguas de Tormenta

Por Peter S. Cartwright, PE Aguas pluviales/de lluvia La recolección y el consumo de aguas pluviales ha sido una práctica común de la humanidad durante varios siglos. Para minimizar la contaminación, la práctica normal consiste en recolectar el agua de lluvia de un techo, por medio de canaletas, dirigiendo el agua a … [Read more...]

Enfoque de Sistemas para la Desinfección UV-C LED del Agua

Por Jim Cosman, Mitchel Hansen y Molly McKain La luz ultravioleta se ha convertido en un jugador estrella en el mundo de la desinfección. Se utiliza cada vez más en aplicaciones clave que requieren opciones de desinfección alternativas. La desinfección UV tiene varias ventajas incluyendo: 1. No utiliza productos … [Read more...]

Ion Exchange Resin Synthesis and Reactions

By C.F. ‘Chubb’ Michaud, MWS Making beads Take a fresh egg and break it into a bowl. It’s understandable that the moisture content of a raw egg is over 75 percent. Now hard boil another egg, crack the shell and peel it. It’s essentially the same egg. It‘s the same composition. It, too, is over 75-percent moisture. Yet … [Read more...]

The Capacity of Ion Exchange Resin

By C.F. ‘Chubb’ Michaud, MWS Ion exchange 101: defining and measuring capacity Webster’s Dictionary defines capacity simply as “the ability to do something” or “the maximum number that can be contained.” This is a quantitative value. In ion exchange processes, we define not only the quantitative capacity of … [Read more...]

The Chemistry of Ion Exchange

By C.F . ‘Chubb’ Michaud, MWS Chemistry 101: elements, compounds, acids, bases, salts and ions All of the chemicals listed in The Periodic Table of the Elements (see Figure 1) are made up of atoms, which are combinations of electrons (negative charge), protons (positive charge) and neutrons (neutral charge). … [Read more...]

Introduction to Membrane Separations

By Greg Reyneke, MWS In the water quality improvement industry, membranes are defined as physical barriers that separate solutions and allow passage of waterborne contaminants within a certain range of size, molecular mass, or even charge polarity strength. When driving pressure is applied and, depending on the material, pore size and … [Read more...]

Water Treatment—An Enigma of Its Own, Part 2

By Peter S. Cartwright, PE In Part 1, I addressed the wild claims and nonsensical science behind PWCs designed for scale control. This article is devoted to other water quality improvement claims of these and other PWCs. These claims include disinfection or microorganism reduction, biofilm prevention/removal, TDS reduction, change in … [Read more...]

The Art of the Recycle, Part 3: How It’s Done (If It’s Done)

By C.F. ‘Chubb’ Michaud, MWS In Parts 1 and 2 of this series, we looked at improving water productivity primarily through the use of reclaimed wastewater and treating it to substitute for new water as a potable source. Wastewater can be treated to various degrees depending on where it is heading next. Water recycling, which involves … [Read more...]